What does an echocardiogram measure?

An echocardiogram is a diagnostic test that uses ultrasound waves to create images of the heart. It measures the structure and function of the heart by providing real-time visualization of the heart chambers, valves, and blood flow. This non-invasive procedure allows healthcare professionals to assess various aspects of cardiac health, including the size and shape of the heart, the efficiency of its pumping action, and any abnormalities in the heart's anatomy.

Using ultrasound, the echocardiogram captures detailed images, enabling physicians to evaluate conditions such as heart valve disorders, congenital heart defects, and other heart-related issues. This valuable information assists in forming effective treatment plans and managing patient care.

The other choices discuss different types of cardiovascular assessments. For instance, blood pressure in the arteries is measured through sphygmomanometry, and the electrical activity of the heart is assessed using an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). Heart rate during exercise is typically monitored through either ECG or heart rate monitors, focusing on the heart's response to physical activity. However, only the echocardiogram specifically measures the structure and function of the heart.